Compatibility of Morphine and Midazolam or Haloperidol in Parenteral Admixtures
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4212/cjhp.v48i3.2274Keywords:
compatibilit, haloperidol, methylparaben, midazolam, morphine, propylparaben, compatibilité, halopéridol, méthylparabène, propylparabèneAbstract
ABSTRACT
The co-administration of parenteral medications can greatly diminish patient discomfort by eliminating the need for multiple intravenous lines. Cancer patients on long-term parenteral morphine therapy often require the additional administration of either midazolam or haloperidol.
Solutions of morphine sulfate in saline, dextrose and water were combined with commercially available midazolam or haloperidol solutions to determine the physical and chemical compatibilities of the mixtures. A high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of both morphine and midazolam, and morphine and haloperidol in these solutions. Both components of mixtures of morphine and midazolam were found to be stable for up to 14 days (retention of ≥90% initial concentration) at room temperature. Mixed solutions of morphine and haloperidol, on the other hand, exhibited immediate cloudiness and eventual precipitation of a haloperidol salt which would preclude their co-administration.
RÉSUMÉ
L'administration conjointe de médicaments par voie parentérale peut réduire grandement l'inconfort des patients. On élimine ainsi le recours à des tubulures intraveineuses multiples. Les patients atteints de cancer qui reçoivent de la morphine par voie parentérale pour de longues périodes ont souvent besoin de recevoir du midazolam ou de l'halopéridol.
Du sulfate de morphine dans une solution saline, avec dextrose et eau, a été ajouté à des solutions de midazolam ou d'halopéridol disponibles sur le marché, afin de déterminer les compatibilités physiques et chimiques des mélanges ainsi produits.
On a eu recours à la chromatographie liquide à haute performance pour évaluer simultanément les mélanges morphine-midazolam, et morphine-halopéridol dans ses solutions. Les deux composantes du mélange morphine et midazolam sont restées stables pendant une période allant jusqu'à 14 jours (conservation des concentrations initiales ≥ 90 %) à la température ambiante. Les solutions de morphine et d'halopéridol sont par contre devenues immédiatement troubles et ont formé un précipité de sel d'halopéridol rendant ainsi leur administration conjointe impossible.
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