Characterization of Errors Detected During Central Order Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4212/cjhp.v45i5.2661Keywords:
dispensary, interventions, prescribing errors, dispensaire, erreurs de prescriptionAbstract
ABSTRACT
Characterization of prescribing errors detected by dispensary pharmacists in a tertiary-care teaching hospital is described. During the 25 week study period, 1330 prescribing errors were identified from a total of 237,798 medication orders processed by the pharmacy, representing a rate of 5.6 errors per 1000 orders. Resident physicians wrote more errant medication orders than any other physician class. Errors most often occurred on the general medicine teaching wards. The most common drug classes implicated were non-formulary medications and antibiotics.
Approximately 11 % of errors were defined as potentially fatal or severe (Type A) errors, 7% were potentially serious (Type B), 21 % were potentially significant (Type C) and 61 % were problem orders (Type D) based on a classification system of severity. The most common error types were inappropriate dosing of antibiotics and the prescribing of medications for patients who had a potential conflicting allergy history. The acceptance of pharmacists' suggestions was 67%. The study identified three major areas where future educational and corrective measures could be aimed: adherence to the formulary, antibiotic prescribing and allergy validation.
RÊSUMÉ
Suit une analyse descriptive des erreurs de prescription décelées par les pharmaciens du dispensaire d'un hôpital universitaire de soins tertiaires. Au cours des 25 semaines qu'a durée l'étude, on a relevé 1 330 erreurs de prescription sur les 237 798 ordonnances traitées, soit un taux de 5,6 erreurs pour 1 000 ordonnances. Les médecins résidents font plus d'erreurs que leurs collègues. Les erreurs surviennent le plus fréquemment dans les services où l'on enseigne la médecine générale. Les médicaments les plus couramment concernés sont les médicaments ne faisant pas partie du formulaire et les antibiotiques. Environ 11 % des erreurs peuvent être qualifiées de potentiellement fatales ou graves (type A), 7 % de potentiellement graves (type B), 21 % de potentiellement dangereuses (type C) et 61% de problématiques (type D), conformént au système de classification des erreurs selon leur gravité retenu. Les erreurs les plus courantes consiste en posologies inappropriées d'antibiotiques et en prescriptions de médicaments à des malades qui peuvent y être allergiques. Dans 67 % des cas, le médecin a accepté la suggestion du pharmacien. L'étude a identifié trois secteurs majeurs où il faudrait prendre des mesures correctrices ou procéder à une sensibilisation : le respect du formulaire, la prescription des antibiotiques et la vérification des allergies.
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