Stability and Compatibility of Combinations of Hydromorphone and a Second Drug
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4212/cjhp.v44i6.2803Keywords:
ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftazidime, cloxacillin, compatibility, diazepam, hydromorphone, phenobarbital, phenytoin, stability, ampicilline, céfazoline, compatibilité, diazépam, phénytoîne, phénobarbital, stabilitéAbstract
ABSTRACT
The stability and compatibility of binary combinations of hydromorphone at three concentrations (2, 10 and 40 mg/ml) and seven other medications (ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftazidime, cloxacillin, diazepam, phenytoin and phenobarbital) were evaluated for 24 hours at room temperature. In addition to visual inspection and pH, the concentration of each component in the binary mixture was determined by a stability indicating liquid chromatographic method. Each test was completed at time zero, 4, 8 and 24 hours after mixing equal volumes of each medication.
Incompatibilities were observed when equal volumes of hydromorphone were mixed with either diazepam (5 mg/mL), phenobarbital (120 mg/ml) or phenytoin (50 mg/ml). Cefazolin was observed to be incompatible only when concentrations of cefazolin exceeded 200 mg/mL. Cloxacillin was observed to be incompatible with hydromorphone only when cloxacillin had been diluted with 5% dextrose in water (D5W) and the concentration exceeded 24 mg/ml. Cloxacillin is compatible with hydromorphone when an equal volume of a 250 mg/ml solution (reconstituted according to the manufacturer's directions) is mixed with hydromorphone. Ampicillin was observed to be compatible at concentrations of 20 mg/ml (diluted in D5W) and 250 mg/mL, but ampicillin retained more than 90% of the initial concentration for only four hours. Ceftazidime (40 mg/ml in D5W or 250 mg/ml) was physically compatible and chemical stable in the presence of hydromorphone. Hydromorphone was chemically stable in all solutions and never precipitated.
RÉSUMÉ
Les stabilités et compatibilités d'associations binaires d'hydromorphone à trois concentrations (2, 10 et 40 mg/ml) et de sept autres médicaments (ampiciline, céfazoline, ceftazidine, cloxacillin, diazépam, phénytoïne et phénobarbital) furent évaluées pendant une période de 24 heures à la température de la pièce. En plus d'une inspection visuelle et au pH, la concentration de chaque élément du mélange binaire fut déterminée en utilisant la méthode d'un solvant chromatographique déterminant la stabilité. Chaque examen fut complété aux temps 0, 4, 8 et 24 heures après avoir mélangé en volumes égaux chaque médication.
Des incompatibilités furent observées lorsque des volumes égaux d'hydromorphone et de diazépam (5 mg/mL), de phénobarbital (l20 mg/ml,) ou de phénytoïne (50 mg/mL) furent mélangés. Il y eu incompatibilité seulement lorsque les concentrations de céfazoline dépassaient 200 mg/mL. La cloxacilline était incompatible avec l'hydromorphone, seulement quant elle était diluée dans l'eau avec 5 p.c. de dextrose (D5W) et que la concentration dépassait 24 mg/mL. Elle était compatible avec l’hydromorphone lorsque mélangée en volumes égaux d'une solution à 250 mg/mL (reconstituée selon les directives du fabricant). L'ampicilline était compatible (diluée dans le D5W) à des concentrations de 20 mg/mL et de 250 mg/mL, mais conservait retenu plus de 90 p.c. de la concentration initiale pendant quatre heures seulement. La çeftazidime était compatible physiquement (40 mg/mL dans D5W ou 250 mg/mL) et chimiquement stable en présence de l'hydromorphone. L’hydromorphone était stable chimiquement dans toutes solutions et ne précipitait jamais.Downloads
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