Comparison of Nortriptyline and Bupropion as Smoking Cessation Aids: Implications for Patients with Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4212/cjhp.v58i1.282Keywords:
smoking, bupropion, nortriptyline, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tabagisme, buproprion, maladie pulmonaire obstructive chroniqueAbstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Smoking cessation is the single most effective way of preventing progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and it is imperative that patients with this disease quit smoking. However, there is only limited information on the role of non-nicotine replacement therapy for achieving smoking cessation in these patients.
Objective: To review the efficacy and toxicity of the 2 most commonly employed forms of non-nicotine replacement therapy and to determine the implications of this information as it pertains to patients with advanced COPD.
Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed for the period 1996–2002 to identify randomized placebo-controlled trials examining the use of bupropion or nortriptyline for smoking cessation. The search terms were “smoking cessation”, “abstinence”, “bupropion”, and “nortriptyline”. Trials with less than 6 months’ follow-up, those examining smoking cessation in patients with primary mental illness, and those dealing with relapse or having a primary objective of identifying predictors of response were excluded from review.
Results: Bupropion and nortriptyline were comparable to each other and both were superior to placebo in terms of smoking cessation. Nuisance side effects occurred more often with nortriptyline.
Conclusions: Buproprion and nortriptyline are both effective therapies for smoking cessation. In patients with advanced COPD, nortriptyline may offer some advantages over bupropion.
RÉSUMÉ
Historique : La désaccoutumance au tabac est le moyen le plus efficace de prévenir l’évolution de la maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique (MPOC), et il est impératif que les patients atteints de MPOC cessent de fumer. Cependant, on ne dispose que de peu de données sur le rôle de la thérapie de remplacement non nicotinique (TRNN) dans la désaccoutumance au tabac chez ces patients.
Objectif : Examiner l’efficacité et la toxicité des deux formes de TRNN les plus utilisées et déterminer la portée des résultats pour les patients atteints de MPOC avancée.
Méthodes : Une recherche sur MEDLINE a été effectuée pour la période allant de 1996 à 2002, afin de repérer les essais cliniques aléatoires comparatifs contre placebo évaluant l’emploi du buproprion ou de la nortriptyline dans la désaccoutumance au tabac. Les termes utilisés pour la recherche étaient «smoking cessation», «abstinence», «buproprion» et «nortriptyline». Les essais comportant une période de suivi inférieure à six mois, ceux évaluant la désaccoutumance au tabac chez les patients atteints d’un trouble mental primaire ainsi que ceux traitent les rechutes ou visent premièrement à déterminer les indicateurs prévisionnels de la réponse ont été exclus.
Résultats : Le buproprion et la nortriptyline étaient comparables et tous deux supérieurs au placebo pour la désaccoutumance au tabac. Les effets indésirables incommodants étaient plus fréquents avec l’emploi de la nortriptyline.
Conclusions : Le buproprion et la nortriptyline sont tous deux des traitements antitabagiques efficaces. Chez les patients atteints d’une MPOC avancée, la nortriptyline pourrait offrir certains avantages sur le buproprion.
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